Hipparchus Contribution to Geography
[10] Hipparchus (190-120 BC))
Hipparchus was a Greek astronomer, mathematician and geographer. He is considered as the founder of trigonometry.
He is famous for his discovery of equinoxes, for compilation of the first known star catalogue and his developments in field of scientific cartography.
He stressed the importance of parallels of latitudes and meridians of longitude. He invented instrument known as astrolabe for determining latitudes and longitudes.
He was the first to divide the circle into 360 degree. He is also credited for conversion of three dimensional sphere into two dimensional plane and designed orthographic and stereographic projections to achieve this. These projections show only a hemisphere, not whole Earth.
Key Points on Hipparchus
[1] He is considered as the founder of trigonometry
[2] Discover equinoxes.
[3] Invented instrument Astrolabe
[4] He was the first to divide the circle into 360 degree.
[5] Credited for conversion of three dimensional sphere into two dimensional plane & designed orthographic and stereographic projections.
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